A List of the 613 Mitzvot (Commandments)
Level: Advanced
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• Jewish tradition teaches that there are 613
commandments
• This is the list of 613 identified by Rambam
• The order and organization is my own
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Below is a list of the 613 mitzvot (commandments). It is
based primarily on the list compiled by
Rambam in the Mishneh Torah, but I have consulted other
sources as well. As I said in the page on
halakhah, Rambam's list is probably the most widely accepted
list, but it is not the only one. The order is my own, as are
the explanations of how some rules are derived from some
biblical passages.
For each mitzvah, I have provided a citation to the biblical
passage or passages from which it is derived, based primarily on
Rambam. For commandments that can be observed today, I have also
provided citations to the Chafetz Chayim's
Concise Book of Mitzvot (CCA refers to affirmative
commandments; CCN refers to negative commandments; CCI refers to
commandments that only apply in
Israel). Commandments that cannot be observed today
primarily relate to the
Temple, its
sacrifices and services (because the Temple does not exist)
and criminal procedures (because the theocratic state of Israel
does not exist).
G-d
- To know that G-d exists (Ex. 20:2; Deut. 5:6) (CCA1).
See What Do Jews
Believe?.
- Not to entertain the idea that there is any god but the
Eternal (Ex. 20:3) (CCN8). See
What Do Jews
Believe?.
- Not to blaspheme (Ex. 22:27; in Christian texts, Ex.
22:28), the penalty for which is death (Lev. 24:16)
(negative).
- To hallow G-d's name (Lev. 22:32) (CCA5). See
The Name of G-d.
- Not to profane G-d's name (Lev . 22:32) (CCN155). See
The Name of G-d.
- To know that G-d is One, a complete Unity (Deut. 6:4)
(CCA2). See What
Do Jews Believe?.
- To love G-d (Deut. 6:5) (CCA3). See
What Do Jews
Believe?.
- To fear Him reverently (Deut. 6:13; 10:20) (CCA4).
- Not to put the word of G-d to the test (Deut. 6:16)
(negative).
- To imitate His good and upright ways (Deut. 28:9)
(CCA6).
Torah
- To honor the old and the wise (Lev. 19:32) (CCA17).
- To learn Torah and to teach it (Deut. 6:7) (CCA14). See
Torah.
- To cleave to those who know Him (Deut. 10:20) (the
Talmud states that cleaving to scholars is equivalent to
cleaving to Him) (CCA16).
- Not to add to the commandments of the Torah, whether in
the Written Law or in its interpretation received by
tradition (Deut. 13:1) (CCN159). See
Torah.
- Not to take away from the commandments of the Torah
(Deut. 13:1) (CCN160). See
Torah.
- That every person shall write a scroll of the Torah for
himself (Deut. 31:19) (CCA15). See
Torah.
Signs and Symbols
- To circumcise the male offspring (Gen. 17:12; Lev. 12:3)
(CCA47) See
Brit Milah: Circumcision.
- To put tzitzit on the corners of clothing (Num. 15:38)
(CCA10). See
Tzitzit
and Tallit.
- To bind tefillin on the head (Deut. 6:8) (CCA9). See
Tefillin.
- To bind tefillin on the arm (Deut. 6:8) (CCA8). See
Tefillin.
- To affix the mezuzah to the doorposts and gates of your
house (Deut. 6:9) (CCA12). See
Mezuzah.
Prayer and Blessings
- To pray to G-d (Ex. 23:25; Deut. 6:13) (according to the
Talmud, the word "serve" in these verses refers to
prayer) (CCA7). See
Prayers and
Blessings;
Jewish Liturgy.
- To read the Shema in the morning and at night (Deut.
6:7) (CCA11). See
Jewish Liturgy.
- To recite grace after meals (Deut. 8:10) (CCA13). See
Birkat
Ha-Mazon: Grace After Meals
- Not to lay down a stone for worship (Lev. 26:1)
(CCN161).
Love and Brotherhood
- To love all human beings who are of the covenant (Lev.
19:18) (CCA60). See
Love and
Brotherhood.
- Not to stand by idly when a human life is in danger
(Lev. 19:16) (CCN82). See
Love and
Brotherhood.
- Not to wrong any one in speech (Lev. 25:17) (CCN48). See
Speech and Lashon
Ha-Ra.
- Not to carry tales (Lev. 19:16) (CCN77). See
Speech and Lashon
Ha-Ra.
- Not to cherish hatred in one's heart (Lev. 19:17)
(CCN78). See
Love and Brotherhood.
- Not to take revenge (Lev. 19:18) (CCN80).
- Not to bear a grudge (Lev. 19:18) (CCN81).
- Not to put any Jew to shame (Lev. 19:17) (CCN79).
- Not to curse any other Israelite (Lev. 19:14) (by
implication: if you may not curse those who cannot hear, you
certainly may not curse those who can) (CCN45).
- Not to give occasion to the simple-minded to stumble on
the road (Lev. 19:14) (this includes doing anything that
will cause another to sin) (CCN76).
- To rebuke the sinner (Lev. 19:17) (CCA72).
- To relieve a neighbor of his burden and help to unload
his beast (Ex. 23:5) (CCA70). See
Love and
Brotherhood.
- To assist in replacing the load upon a neighbor's beast
(Deut. 22:4) (CCA71). See
Love and
Brotherhood.
- Not to leave a beast, that has fallen down beneath its
burden, unaided (Deut. 22:4) (CCN183). See
Love and
Brotherhood.
The Poor and Unfortunate
- Not to afflict an orphan or a widow (Ex. 22:21) (CCN51).
- Not to reap the entire field (Lev. 19:9; Lev. 23:22)
(negative) (CCI6).
- To leave the unreaped corner of the field or orchard for
the poor (Lev. 19:9) (affirmative) (CCI1).
- Not to gather gleanings (the ears that have fallen to
the ground while reaping) (Lev. 19:9) (negative) (CCI7).
- To leave the gleanings for the poor (Lev. 19:9)
(affirmative) (CCI2).
- Not to gather ol'loth (the imperfect clusters) of the
vineyard (Lev. 19:10) (negative) (CCI8).
- To leave ol'loth (the imperfect clusters) of the
vineyard for the poor (Lev. 19:10; Deut. 24:21)
(affirmative) (CCI3).
- Not to gather the peret (grapes) that have fallen to the
ground (Lev. 19:10) (negative) (CCI9).
- To leave peret (the single grapes) of the vineyard for
the poor (Lev. 19:10) (affirmative) (CCI4).
- Not to return to take a forgotten sheaf (Deut. 24:19)
This applies to all fruit trees (Deut. 24:20) (negative)
(CC10).
- To leave the forgotten sheaves for the poor (Deut.
24:19-20) (affirmative) (CCI5).
- Not to refrain from maintaining a poor man and giving
him what he needs (Deut. 15:7) (CCN62). See
Tzedakah:
Charity.
- To give charity according to one's means (Deut. 15:11)
(CCA38). See
Tzedakah: Charity.
Treatment of Gentiles
- To love the stranger (Deut. 10:19) (CCA61). See
Love and
Brotherhood.
- Not to wrong the stranger in speech (Ex. 22:20) (CCN49).
- Not to wrong the stranger in buying or selling (Ex.
22:20) (CCN50).
- Not to intermarry with gentiles (Deut. 7:3) (CCN19). See
Interfaith Marriages.
- To exact the debt of an alien (Deut. 15:3)
(affirmative).
- To lend to an alien at interest (Deut. 23:21) According
to tradition, this is mandatory (affirmative).
Marriage, Divorce and Family
- To honor father and mother (Ex. 20:12) (CCA41).
- Not to smite a father or a mother (Ex. 21:15) (CCN44).
- Not to curse a father or mother (Ex. 21:17) (CCN46).
- To reverently fear father and mother (Lev. 19:3)
(CCA42).
- To be fruitful and multiply (Gen. 1:28) (CCA43).
- That a eunuch shall not marry a daughter of Israel
(Deut. 23:2) (CCN136).
- That a mamzer shall not marry the daughter of a Jew
(Deut. 23:3) (CCN137). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- That an Ammonite or Moabite shall never marry the
daughter of an Israelite (Deut. 23:4) (negative).
- Not to exclude a descendant of Esau from the community
of Israel for three generations (Deut. 23:8-9) (negative).
- Not to exclude an Egyptian from the community of Israel
for three generations (Deut. 23:8-9) (negative).
- That there shall be no harlot (in Israel); that is, that
there shall be no intercourse with a woman, without previous
marriage with a deed of marriage and formal declaration of
marriage (Deut. 23:18) (CCN133). See
Marriage.
- To take a wife by kiddushin, the sacrament of marriage
(Deut. 24:1) (CCA44). See
The
Process of Marriage: Kiddushin and Nisuin.
- That the newly married husband shall (be free) for one
year to rejoice with his wife (Deut. 24:5) (affirmative).
- That a bridegroom shall be exempt for a whole year from
taking part in any public labor, such as military service,
guarding the wall and similar duties (Deut. 24:5)
(negative).
- Not to withhold food, clothing or conjugal rights from a
wife (Ex. 21:10) (CCN42). See
The Marital Relationship.
- That the woman suspected of adultery shall be dealt with
as prescribed in the
Torah (Num. 5:30) (affirmative).
- That one who defames his wife's honor (by falsely
accusing her of unchastity before marriage) must live with
her all his lifetime (Deut. 22:19) (affirmative).
- That a man may not divorce his wife concerning whom he
has published an evil report (about her unchastity before
marriage) (Deut. 22:19) (negative).
- To divorce by a formal written document (Deut. 24:1)
(affirmative). See
The
Process of Obtaining a Divorce.
- That one who divorced his wife shall not remarry her, if
after the divorce she had been married to another man (Deut.
24:4) (CCN134). See
Divorce.
- That a widow whose husband died childless must not be
married to anyone but her deceased husband's brother (Deut.
25:5) (CCN135) (this is only in effect insofar as it
requires the procedure of release below).
- To marry the widow of a brother who has died childless
(Deut. 25:5) (this is only in effect insofar as it requires
the procedure of release below ) (CCA45).
- That the widow formally release the brother-in-law (if
he refuses to marry her) (Deut. 25:7-9) (CCA46).
Forbidden Sexual Relations
- Not to indulge in familiarities with relatives, such as
kissing, embracing, winking, skipping, which may lead to
incest (Lev. 18:6) (CCN110).
- Not to commit incest with one's mother (Lev. 18:7)
(CCN112). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit sodomy with one's father (Lev. 18:7)
(CCN111).
- Not to commit incest with one's father's wife (Lev.
18:8) (CCN113). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's sister (Lev. 18:9)
(CCN127). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's father's wife's daughter
(Lev. 18:11) (CCN128). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's son's daughter (Lev.
18:10) (CCN119) (Note: CC treats this and the next as one
commandment; however, Rambam treats them as two). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's daughter's daughter
(Lev. 18:10) (CCN119) (Note: CC treats this and the previous
as one commandment; however, Rambam treats them as two). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's daughter (this is not
explicitly in the
Torah but is inferred from other explicit commands that
would include it) (CCN120). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's fathers sister (Lev.
18:12) (CCN129). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's mother's sister (Lev.
18:13) (CCN130). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's father's brothers wife
(Lev. 18:14) (CCN125). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit sodomy with one's father's brother (Lev.
18:14) (CCN114).
- Not to commit incest with one's son's wife (Lev. 18:15)
(CCN115). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's brother's wife (Lev.
18:16) (CCN126). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's wife's daughter (Lev.
18:17) (CCN121). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with the daughter of one's wife's
son (Lev. 18:17) (CCN122). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with the daughter of one's wife's
daughter (Lev. 18:17) (CCN123). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to commit incest with one's wife's sister (Lev.
18:18) (CCN131). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children.
- Not to have intercourse with a woman, in her menstrual
period (Lev. 18:19) (CCN132).
- Not to have intercourse with another man's wife (Lev.
18:20) (CCN124).
- Not to commit sodomy with a male (Lev. 18:22) (CCN116).
- Not to have intercourse with a beast (Lev. 18:23)
(CCN117).
- That a woman shall not have intercourse with a beast
(Lev. 18:23) (CCN118).
- Not to castrate the male of any species; neither a man,
nor a domestic or wild beast, nor a fowl (Lev. 22:24)
(CCN143).
Times and Seasons
- That the new month shall be solemnly proclaimed as holy,
and the months and years shall be calculated by the Supreme
Court only (Ex. 12:2) (affirmative) (the authority to
declare months is inferred from the use of the word "unto
you").
- Not to travel on Shabbat outside the limits of one's
place of residence (Ex. 16:29) (CCN7). See
Shabbat.
- To sanctify Shabbat (Ex. 20:8) (CCA19). See
Shabbat.
- Not to do work on Shabbat (Ex. 20:10) (CCN6). See
Shabbat.
- To rest on Shabbat (Ex. 23:12; 34:21) (CCA20). See
Shabbat.
- To celebrate the festivals [Passover, Shavu'ot and
Sukkot] (Ex. 23:14) (affirmative).
- To rejoice on the festivals (Deut. 16:14) (CCA21).
- To appear in the Sanctuary on the festivals (Deut.
16:16) (affirmative).
- To remove chametz on the Eve of Passover (Ex. 12:15)
(CCA22). See
Passover.
- To rest on the first day of Passover (Ex. 12:16; Lev.
23:7) (CCA25). See
Passover.
- Not to do work on the first day of Passover (Ex. 12:16;
Lev. 23:6-7) (CCN147). See
Passover.
- To rest on the seventh day of Passover (Ex. 12:16; Lev.
23:8) (CCA27). See
Passover.
- Not to do work on the seventh day of Passover (Ex.
12:16; Lev. 23:8) (CCN148). See
Passover.
- To eat matzah on the first night of Passover (Ex. 12:18)
(CCA23). See
Passover.
- That no chametz be in the Israelite's possession during
Passover (Ex. 12:19) (CCN3). See
Passover.
- Not to eat any food containing chametz on Passover (Ex.
12:20) (CCN5). See
Passover.
- Not to eat chametz on Passover (Ex. 13:3) (CCN4). See
Passover.
- That chametz shall not be seen in an Israelite's home
during Passover (Ex. 13:7) (CCN2). See
Passover.
- To discuss the departure from Egypt on the first night
of Passover (Ex. 13:8) (CCA24). See
The
Passover Seder.
- Not to eat chametz after mid-day on the fourteenth of
Nissan (Deut. 16:3) (CCN104). See
Passover.
- To count forty-nine days from the time of the cutting of
the Omer (first sheaves of the barley harvest) (Lev. 23:15)
(CCA26). See
The Counting of the Omer.
- To rest on Shavu'ot (Lev. 23:21) (CCA28). See
Shavu'ot.
- Not to do work on the Shavu'ot (Lev. 23:21) (CCN149).
See Shavu'ot.
- To rest on Rosh Hashanah (Lev. 23:24) (CCA29). See
Rosh Hashanah.
- Not to do work on Rosh Hashanah (Lev. 23:25) (CCN150).
See Rosh
Hashanah.
- To hear the sound of the shofar on Rosh Hashanah (Num.
29:1) (CCA30). See
Rosh Hashanah.
- To fast on Yom Kippur (Lev. 23:27) (CCA32). See
Yom Kippur.
- Not to eat or drink on Yom Kippur (Lev. 23:29) (CCN152).
See Yom Kippur.
- Not to do work on Yom Kippur (Lev. 23:31) (CCN151). See
Yom Kippur.
- To rest on the Yom Kippur (Lev. 23:32) (CCA31). See
Yom Kippur.
- To rest on the first day of Sukkot (Lev. 23:35) (CCA34).
See Sukkot.
- Not to do work on the first day of Sukkot (Lev. 23:35)
(CCN153). See
Sukkot.
- To rest on the eighth day of Sukkot (Shemini Atzeret)
(Lev. 23:36) (CCA37). See
Shemini Atzeret
and Simchat Torah.
- Not to do work on the eighth day of Sukkot (Shemini
Atzeret) (Lev. 23:36) (CCN154). See
Shemini Atzeret
and Simchat Torah.
- To take during Sukkot a palm branch and the other three
plants (Lev. 23:40) (CCA36). See
Sukkot.
- To dwell in booths seven days during Sukkot (Lev. 23:42)
(CCA35). See
Sukkot.
Dietary Laws
- To examine the marks in cattle (so as to distinguish the
clean from the unclean) (Lev. 11:2) (affirmative). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- Not to eat the flesh of unclean beasts (Lev. 11:4)
(CCN93). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- To examine the marks in fishes (so as to distinguish the
clean from the unclean (Lev. 11:9) (affirmative). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- Not to eat unclean fish (Lev. 11:11) (CCN95). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- To examine the marks in fowl, so as to distinguish the
clean from the unclean (Deut. 14:11) (affirmative). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- Not to eat unclean fowl (Lev. 11:13) (CCN94). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- To examine the marks in locusts, so as to distinguish
the clean from the unclean (Lev. 11:21) (affirmative). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- Not to eat a worm found in fruit (Lev. 11:41) (CCN98).
See
Animals that may not be eaten.
- Not to eat of things that creep upon the earth (Lev.
11:41-42) (CCN97). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- Not to eat any vermin of the earth (Lev. 11:44)
(CCN100). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- Not to eat things that swarm in the water (Lev. 11:43
and 46) (CCN99). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- Not to eat of winged insects (Deut. 14:19) (CCN96). See
Animals
that may not be eaten.
- Not to eat the flesh of a beast that is terefah (lit
torn) (Ex. 22:30) (CCN87). See
Kosher
slaughtering.
- Not to eat the flesh of a beast that died of itself
(Deut. 14:21) (CCN86). See
Kosher
slaughtering.
- To slay cattle, deer and fowl according to the laws of
shechitah if their flesh is to be eaten (Deut. 12:21) ("as I
have commanded" in this verse refers to the technique)
(CCA48). See
Kosher
slaughtering.
- Not to eat a limb removed from a living beast (Deut.
12:23) (CCN90). See
Kosher
slaughtering.
- Not to slaughter an animal and its young on the same day
(Lev. 22:28) (CCN108).
- Not to take the mother-bird with the young (Deut. 22:6)
(CCN189). See
Treatment of Animals.
- To set the mother-bird free when taking the nest (Deut.
22:6-7) (CCA74). See
Treatment of
Animals.
- Not to eat the flesh of an ox that was condemned to be
stoned (Ex. 21:28) (negative).
- Not to boil meat with milk (Ex. 23:19) (CCN91). See
Separation of Meat and Dairy.
- Not to eat flesh with milk (Ex. 34:26) (according to the
Talmud, this passage is a distinct prohibition from the
one in Ex. 23:19) (CCN92). See
Separation of Meat and Dairy.
- Not to eat the of the thigh-vein which shrank (Gen.
32:33) (CCN1). See
Forbidden
Fats and Nerves.
- Not to eat chelev (tallow-fat) (Lev. 7:23) (CCN88). See
Forbidden
Fats and Nerves.
- Not to eat blood (Lev. 7:26) (CCN89). See
Draining
of Blood.
- To cover the blood of undomesticated animals (deer,
etc.) and of fowl that have been killed (Lev. 17:13)
(CCA49).
- Not to eat or drink like a glutton or a drunkard (not to
rebel against father or mother) (Lev. 19:26; Deut. 21:20)
(CCN106).
Business Practices
- Not to do wrong in buying or selling (Lev. 25:14)
(CCN47).
- Not to make a loan to an Israelite on interest (Lev.
25:37) (CCN54).
- Not to borrow on interest (Deut. 23:20) (because this
would cause the lender to sin) (CCN55).
- Not to take part in any usurious transaction between
borrower and lender, neither as a surety, nor as a witness,
nor as a writer of the bond for them (Ex. 22:24) (CCN53).
- To lend to a poor person (Ex. 22:24) (even though the
passage says "if you lend" it is understood as obligatory)
(CCA62).
- Not to demand from a poor man repayment of his debt,
when the creditor knows that he cannot pay, nor press him
(Ex. 22:24) (CCN52).
- Not to take in pledge utensils used in preparing food
(Deut. 24:6) (CCN58).
- Not to exact a pledge from a debtor by force (Deut.
24:10) (CCN59).
- Not to keep the pledge from its owner at the time when
he needs it (Deut. 24:12) (CCN61).
- To return a pledge to its owner (Deut. 24:13) (CCA63).
- Not to take a pledge from a widow (Deut. 24:17) (CCN60).
- Not to commit fraud in measuring (Lev. 19:35) (CCN83).
- To ensure that scales and weights are correct (Lev.
19:36) (affirmative).
- Not to possess inaccurate measures and weights (Deut.
25:13-14) (CCN84).
Employees, Servants and Slaves
- Not to delay payment of a hired man's wages (Lev. 19:13)
(CCN38).
- That the hired laborer shall be permitted to eat of the
produce he is reaping (Deut. 23:25-26) (CCA65).
- That the hired laborer shall not take more than he can
eat (Deut. 23:25) (CCN187).
- That a hired laborer shall not eat produce that is not
being harvested (Deut. 23:26) (CCN186).
- To pay wages to the hired man at the due time (Deut.
24:15) (CCA66).
- To deal judicially with the Hebrew bondman in accordance
with the laws appertaining to him (Ex. 21:2-6)
(affirmative).
- Not to compel the Hebrew servant to do the work of a
slave (Lev. 25:39) (negative).
- Not to sell a Hebrew servant as a slave (Lev. 25:42)
(negative).
- Not to treat a Hebrew servant rigorously (Lev. 25:43)
(negative).
- Not to permit a gentile to treat harshly a Hebrew
bondman sold to him (Lev. 25:53) (negative).
- Not to send away a Hebrew bondman servant empty handed,
when he is freed from service (Deut. 15:13) (negative).
- To bestow liberal gifts upon the Hebrew bondsman (at the
end of his term of service), and the same should be done to
a Hebrew bondwoman (Deut. 15:14) (affirmative).
- To redeem a Hebrew maid-servant (Ex. 21:8)
(affirmative).
- Not to sell a Hebrew maid-servant to another person (Ex.
21:8) (negative).
- To espouse a Hebrew maid-servant (Ex. 21:8-9)
(affirmative).
- To keep the Canaanite slave forever (Lev. 25:46)
(affirmative).
- Not to surrender a slave, who has fled to the land of
Israel, to his owner who lives outside Palestine (Deut.
23:16) (negative).
- Not to wrong such a slave (Deut. 23:17) (negative).
- Not to muzzle a beast, while it is working in produce
which it can eat and enjoy (Deut. 25:4) (CCN188).
Vows, Oaths and Swearing
- That a man should fulfill whatever he has uttered (Deut.
23:24) (CCA39).
- Not to swear needlessly (Ex. 20:7) (CCN29).
- Not to violate an oath or swear falsely (Lev. 19:12)
(CCN31).
- To decide in cases of annulment of vows, according to
the rules set forth in the
Torah (Num. 30:2-17) (CCA40).
- Not to break a vow (Num. 30:3) (CCN184).
- To swear by His name truly (Deut. 10:20) (affirmative).
- Not to delay in fulfilling vows or bringing vowed or
free-will offerings (Deut. 23:22) (CCN185).
The Sabbatical and Jubilee Years
- To let the land lie fallow in the Sabbatical year (Ex.
23:11; Lev. 25:2) (affirmative) (CCI20).
- To cease from tilling the land in the Sabbatical year
(Ex. 23:11) (affirmative) (Lev. 25:2) (CCI21).
- Not to till the ground in the Sabbatical year (Lev.
25:4) (negative) (CCI22).
- Not to do any work on the trees in the Sabbatical year
(Lev. 25:4) (negative) (CCI23).
- Not to reap the aftermath that grows in the Sabbatical
year, in the same way as it is reaped in other years (Lev.
25:5) (negative) (CCI24).
- Not to gather the fruit of the tree in the Sabbatical
year in the same way as it is gathered in other years (Lev.
25:5) (negative) (CCI25).
- To sound the Ram's horn in the Sabbatical year (Lev.
25:9) (affirmative).
- To release debts in the seventh year (Deut. 15:2)
(CCA64).
- Not to demand return of a loan after the Sabbatical year
has passed (Deut. 15:2) (CCN57).
- Not to refrain from making a loan to a poor man, because
of the release of loans in the Sabbatical year (Deut. 15:9)
(CCN56).
- To assemble the people to hear the Torah at the close of
the seventh year (Deut. 31:12) (affirmative)
- To count the years of the Jubilee by years and by cycles
of seven years (Lev. 25:8) (affirmative).
- To keep the Jubilee year holy by resting and letting the
land lie fallow (Lev. 25:10) (affirmative).
- Not to cultivate the soil nor do any work on the trees,
in the Jubilee Year (Lev. 25:11) (negative).
- Not to reap the aftermath of the field that grew of
itself in the Jubilee Year, in the same way as in other
years (Lev. 25:11) (negative).
- Not to gather the fruit of the tree in the Jubilee Year,
in the same way as in other years (Lev. 25:11) (negative).
- To grant redemption to the land in the Jubilee year
(Lev. 25:24) (affirmative).
The Court and Judicial Procedure
- To appoint judges and officers in every community of
Israel (Deut. 16:18) (affirmative).
- Not to appoint as a judge, a person who is not well
versed in the laws of the
Torah, even if he is expert in other branches of
knowledge (Deut. 1:17) (CCN64).
- To adjudicate cases of purchase and sale (Lev. 25:14)
(CCA67).
- To judge cases of liability of a paid depositary (Ex.
22:9) (affirmative).
- To adjudicate cases of loss for which a gratuitous
borrower is liable (Ex. 22:13-14) (affirmative).
- To adjudicate cases of inheritances (Num. 27:8-11)
(CCA73).
- To judge cases of damage caused by an uncovered pit (Ex.
21:33-34) (affirmative).
- To judge cases of injuries caused by beasts (Ex.
21:35-36) (affirmative).
- To adjudicate cases of damage caused by trespass of
cattle (Ex. 22:4) (affirmative).
- To adjudicate cases of damage caused by fire (Ex. 22:5)
(affirmative).
- To adjudicate cases of damage caused by a gratuitous
depositary (Ex. 22:6-7) (affirmative).
- To adjudicate other cases between a plaintiff and a
defendant (Ex. 22:8) (affirmative).
- Not to curse a judge (Ex. 22:27) (CCN63).
- That one who possesses evidence shall testify in Court
(Lev. 5:1) (affirmative).
- Not to testify falsely (Ex. 20:13) (CCN39).
- That a witness, who has testified in a capital case,
shall not lay down the law in that particular case (Num.
35:30) (negative).
- That a transgressor shall not testify (Ex. 23:1)
(CCN75).
- That the court shall not accept the testimony of a close
relative of the defendant in matters of capital punishment
(Deut. 24:16) (CCN74).
- Not to hear one of the parties to a suit in the absence
of the other party (Ex. 23:1) (CCN65).
- To examine witnesses thoroughly (Deut. 13:15)
(affirmative).
- Not to decide a case on the evidence of a single witness
(Deut. 19:15) (CCN73).
- To give the decision according to the majority, when
there is a difference of opinion among the members of the
Sanhedrin as to matters of law (Ex. 23:2) (affirmative).
- Not to decide, in capital cases, according to the view
of the majority, when those who are for condemnation exceed
by one only, those who are for acquittal (Ex. 23:2)
(negative).
- That, in capital cases, one who had argued for
acquittal, shall not later on argue for condemnation (Ex.
23:2) (negative).
- To treat parties in a litigation with equal impartiality
(Lev. 19:15) (affirmative).
- Not to render iniquitous decisions (Lev. 19:15) (CCN69).
- Not to favor a great man when trying a case (Lev. 19:15)
(CCN70).
- Not to take a bribe (Ex. 23:8) (CCN71).
- Not to be afraid of a bad man, when trying a case (Deut.
1:17) (CCN72).
- Not to be moved in trying a case, by the poverty of one
of the parties (Ex. 23:3; Lev. 19:15) (CCN66).
- Not to pervert the judgment of strangers or orphans
(Deut. 24:17) (CCN68).
- Not to pervert the judgment of a sinner (a person poor
in fulfillment of commandments) (Ex. 23:6) (CCN67).
- Not to render a decision on one's personal opinion, but
only on the evidence of two witnesses, who saw what actually
occurred (Ex. 23:7) (negative).
- Not to execute one guilty of a capital offense, before
he has stood his trial (Num. 35:12) (negative).
- To accept the rulings of every Supreme Court in Israel
(Deut. 17:11) (affirmative).
- Not to rebel against the orders of the Court (Deut.
17:11) (CCN158).
Injuries and Damages
- To make a parapet for your roof (Deut. 22:8) (CCA75).
See Love and
Brotherhood.
- Not to leave something that might cause hurt (Deut.
22:8) (CCN190). See
Love and
Brotherhood.
- To save the pursued even at the cost of the life of the
pursuer (Deut. 25:12) (affirmative). See
Life.
- Not to spare a pursuer, but he is to be slain before he
reaches the pursued and slays the latter, or uncovers his
nakedness (Deut. 25:12) (negative).
Property and Property Rights
- Not to sell a field in the land of Israel in perpetuity
(Lev. 25:23) (negative).
- Not to change the character of the open land (about the
cities of) the Levites or of their fields; not to sell it in
perpetuity, but it may be redeemed at any time (Lev. 25:34)
(negative). See
Levi.
- That houses sold within a walled city may be redeemed
within a year (Lev. 25:29) (affirmative).
- Not to remove landmarks (property boundaries) (Deut.
19:14) (CCN85).
- Not to swear falsely in denial of another's property
rights (Lev. 19:11) (CCN30).
- Not to deny falsely another's property rights (Lev.
19:11) (CCN36).
- Never to settle in the land of Egypt (Deut. 17:16)
(CCN192).
- Not to steal personal property (Lev. 19:11) (CCN34).
- To restore that which one took by robbery (Lev. 5:23)
(CCA68).
- To return lost property (Deut. 22:1) (CCA69).
- Not to pretend not to have seen lost property, to avoid
the obligation to return it (Deut. 22:3) (CCN182).
Criminal Laws
- Not to slay an innocent person (Ex. 20:13) (CCN32). See
Life.
- Not to kidnap any person of Israel (Ex. 20:13)
(according to the
Talmud, this verse refers to stealing a person,
distinguished from Lev. 19:11, regarding the taking of
property) (CCN33).
- Not to rob by violence (Lev. 19:13) (CCN35).
- Not to defraud (Lev. 19:13) (CCN37).
- Not to covet what belongs to another (Ex. 20:14)
(CCN40).
- Not to crave something that belongs to another (Deut.
5:18) (CCN41).
- Not to indulge in evil thoughts and sights (Num. 15:39)
(CCN156).
Punishment and Restitution
- That the Court shall pass sentence of death by
decapitation with the sword (Ex. 21:20; Lev. 26:25)
(affirmative).
- That the Court shall pass sentence of death by
strangulation (Lev. 20:10) (affirmative).
- That the Court shall pass sentence of death by burning
with fire (Lev. 20:14) (affirmative).
- That the Court shall pass sentence of death by stoning
(Deut. 22:24) (affirmative).
- To hang the dead body of one who has incurred that
penalty (Deut. 21:22) (affirmative).
- That the dead body of an executed criminal shall not
remain hanging on the tree over night (Deut. 21:23)
(negative).
- To inter the executed on the day of execution (Deut.
21:23) (affirmative)
- Not to accept ransom from a murderer (Num. 35:31)
(negative).
- To exile one who committed accidental homicide (Num.
35:25) (affirmative).
- To establish six cities of refuge (for those who
committed accidental homicide) (Deut. 19:3) (affirmative).
- Not to accept ransom from an accidental homicide, so as
to relieve him from exile (Num. 35:32) (negative).
- To decapitate the heifer in the manner prescribed (in
expiation of a murder on the road, the perpetrator of which
remained undiscovered) (Deut. 21:4) (affirmative).
- Not to plow nor sow the rough valley (in which a
heifer's neck was broken) (Deut. 21:4) (negative).
- To adjudge a thief to pay compensation or (in certain
cases) suffer death (Ex. 21:16; Ex. 21:37; Ex. 22:1)
(affirmative).
- That he who inflicts a bodily injury shall pay monetary
compensation (Ex. 21:18-19) (affirmative).
- To impose a penalty of fifty shekels upon the seducer
(of an unbetrothed virgin) and enforce the other rules in
connection with the case (Ex. 22:15-16) (affirmative).
- That the violator (of an unbetrothed virgin) shall marry
her (Deut. 22:28-29) (affirmative).
- That one who has raped a damsel and has then (in
accordance with the law) married her, may not divorce her
(Deut. 22:29) (negative).
- Not to inflict punishment on Shabbat (Ex. 35:3) (because
some punishments were inflicted by fire) (negative). See
Shabbat.
- To punish the wicked by the infliction of stripes (Deut.
25:2) (affirmative).
- Not to exceed the statutory number of stripes laid on
one who has incurred that punishment (Deut. 25:3) (and by
implication, not to strike anyone) (CCN43).
- Not to spare the offender, in imposing the prescribed
penalties on one who has caused damage (Deut. 19:13)
(negative).
- To do unto false witnesses as they had purposed to do
(to the accused) (Deut. 19:19) (affirmative).
- Not to punish any one who has committed an offense under
duress (Deut. 22:26) (negative).
Prophecy
- To heed the call of every prophet in each generation,
provided that he neither adds to, nor takes away from the
Torah (Deut. 18:15) (affirmative).
- Not to prophesy falsely (Deut. 18:20) (CCN175).
- Not to refrain from putting a false prophet to death nor
to be in fear of him (Deut. 18:22) (negative).
Idolatry, Idolaters and Idolatrous Practices
- Not to make a graven image; neither to make it oneself
nor to have it made by others (Ex. 20:4) (CCN9).
- Not to make any figures for ornament, even if they are
not worshipped (Ex. 20:20) (CCN144).
- Not to make idols even for others (Ex. 34:17; Lev. 19:4)
(CCN10).
- Not to use the ornament of any object of idolatrous
worship (Deut. 7:25) (CCN17).
- Not to make use of an idol or its accessory objects,
offerings, or libations (Deut. 7:26) (CCN18). See
Grape
Products.
- Not to drink wine of idolaters (Deut. 32:38) (CCN15).
See Grape
Products.
- Not to worship an idol in the way in which it is usually
worshipped (Ex. 20:5) (CCN12).
- Not to bow down to an idol, even if that is not its mode
of worship (Ex. 20:5) (CCN11).
- Not to prophesy in the name of an idol (Ex. 23:13; Deut.
18:20) (CCN27).
- Not to hearken to one who prophesies in the name of an
idol (Deut. 13:4) (CCN22).
- Not to lead the children of Israel astray to idolatry
(Ex. 23:13) (CCN14).
- Not to entice an Israelite to idolatry (Deut. 13:12)
(CCN23).
- To destroy idolatry and its appurtenances (Deut. 12:2-3)
(affirmative).
- Not to love the enticer to idolatry (Deut. 13:9)
(CCN24).
- Not to give up hating the enticer to idolatry (Deut.
13:9) (CCN25).
- Not to save the enticer from capital punishment, but to
stand by at his execution (Deut. 13:9) (negative).
- A person whom he attempted to entice to idolatry shall
not urge pleas for the acquittal of the enticer (Deut. 13:9)
(CCN26).
- A person whom he attempted to entice shall not refrain
from giving evidence of the enticer's guilt, if he has such
evidence (Deut. 13:9) (negative).
- Not to swear by an idol to its worshipers, nor cause
them to swear by it (Ex. 23:13) (CCN13).
- Not to turn one's attention to idolatry (Lev. 19:4)
(CCN16).
- Not to adopt the institutions of idolaters nor their
customs (Lev. 18:3; Lev. 20:23) (CCN21).
- Not to pass a child through the fire to Molech (Lev.
18:21) (negative).
- Not to suffer any one practicing witchcraft to live (Ex.
22:17) (negative).
- Not to practice onein (observing times or seasons as
favorable or unfavorable, using astrology) (Lev. 19:26)
(CCN166).
- Not to practice nachesh (doing things based on signs and
portents; using charms and incantations) (Lev. 19:26)
(CCN165).
- Not to consult ovoth (ghosts) (Lev. 19:31) (CCN170).
- Not to consult yid'onim (wizards) (Lev. 19:31) (CCN171).
- Not to practice kisuf (magic using herbs, stones and
objects that people use) (Deut. 18:10) (CCN168).
- Not to practice kessem (a general term for magical
practices) (Deut. 18:10) (CCN167).
- Not to practice the art of a chover chaver (casting
spells over snakes and scorpions) (Deut. 18:11) (CCN169).
- Not to enquire of an ob (a ghost) (Deut. 18:11)
(CCN172).
- Not to seek the maytim (dead) (Deut. 18:11) (CCN174).
- Not to enquire of a yid'oni (wizard) (Deut. 18:11)
(CCN173).
- Not to remove the entire beard, like the idolaters (Lev.
19:27) (CCN177).
- Not to round the corners of the head, as the idolatrous
priests do (Lev. 19:27) (CCN176).
- Not to cut oneself or make incisions in one's flesh in
grief, like the idolaters (Lev. 19:28; Deut. 14:1) (CCN28).
- Not to tattoo the body like the idolaters (Lev. 19:28)
(CCN163).
- Not to make a bald spot for the dead (Deut. 14:1)
(CCN164).
- Not to plant a tree for worship (Deut. 16:21)
(negative).
- Not to set up a pillar (for worship) (Deut. 16:22)
(CCN162).
- Not to show favor to idolaters (Deut. 7:2) (CCN20).
- Not to make a covenant with the seven (Canaanite,
idolatrous) nations (Ex. 23:32; Deut. 7:2) (negative).
- Not to settle idolaters in our land (Ex. 23:33)
(negative) (CCI26).
- To slay the inhabitants of a city that has become
idolatrous and burn that city (Deut. 13:16-17)
(affirmative).
- Not to rebuild a city that has been led astray to
idolatry (Deut. 13:17) (negative).
- Not to make use of the property of city that has been so
led astray (Deut. 13:18) (negative).
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
- Not to cross-breed cattle of different species (Lev.
19:19) (according to the
Talmud, this also applies to birds) (CCN142).
- Not to sow different kinds of seed together in one field
(Lev. 19:19) (CCN107).
- Not to eat the fruit of a tree for three years from the
time it was planted (Lev. 19:23) (CCN105). See
Tu B'Shevat.
- That the fruit of fruit-bearing trees in the fourth year
of their planting shall be sacred like the second tithe and
eaten in Jerusalem (Lev. 19:24) (affirmative) (CCI16). See
Tu B'Shevat.
- Not to sow grain or herbs in a vineyard (Deut. 22:9)
(negative).
- Not to eat the produce of diverse seeds sown in a
vineyard (Deut. 22:9) (negative).
- Not to work with beasts of different species, yoked
together (Deut. 22:10) (CCN180).
Clothing
- That a man shall not wear women's clothing (Deut. 22:5)
(CCN179).
- That a woman should not wear men's clothing (Deut. 22:5)
(CCN178).
- Not to wear garments made of wool and linen mixed
together (Deut. 22:11) (CCN181).
The Firstborn
- To redeem the firstborn human male (Ex. 13:13; Ex.
34:20; Num. 18:15) (CCA54). See
Pidyon
Ha-Ben: Redemption of the Firstborn.
- To redeem the firstling of an ass (Ex. 13:13; Ex. 34:20)
(CCA55).
- To break the neck of the firstling of an ass if it is
not redeemed (Ex. 13:13; Ex. 34:20) (CCA56).
- Not to redeem the firstling of a clean beast (Num.
18:17) (CCN109).
Kohanim and Levites
- That the kohanim shall put on priestly vestments for the
service (Ex. 28:2) (affirmative). See
Kohein.
- Not to tear the High Kohein's robe (Ex. 28:32)
(negative). See
Kohein.
- That the kohein shall not enter the Sanctuary at all
times (i.e., at times when he is not performing service)
(Lev. 16:2) (negative). See
Kohein.
- That the ordinary kohein shall not defile himself by
contact with any dead, other than immediate relatives (Lev.
21:1-3) (CCN141). See
Kohein,
Care for the
Dead.
- That the kohanim defile themselves for their deceased
relatives (by attending their burial), and mourn for them
like other Israelites, who are commanded to mourn for their
relatives (Lev. 21:3) (CCA59). See
Kohein,
Care for the
Dead;
Mourning.
- That a kohein who had an immersion during the day (to
cleanse him from his uncleanness) shall not serve in the
Sanctuary until after sunset (Lev. 21:6) (negative). See
Kohein.
- That a kohein shall not marry a divorced woman (Lev.
21:7) (CCN140). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children;
Kohein.
- That a kohein shall not marry a harlot (Lev. 21:7)
(CCN138). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children;
Kohein.
- That a kohein shall not marry a profaned woman (Lev.
21:7) (CCN139). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children;
Kohein.
- To show honor to a kohein, and to give him precedence in
all things that are holy (Lev. 21:8) (CCA50). See
Kohein.
- That a High Kohein shall not defile himself with any
dead, even if they are relatives (Lev. 21:11) (negative).
See Kohein,
Care for the
Dead.
- That a High Kohein shall not go (under the same roof)
with a dead body (Lev. 21:11) It has been learnt by
tradition that a kohein, who does so, violates the
prohibition, "Neither shall he go in ", and also the
prohibition "He shall not defile himself" (negative). See
Kohein,
Care for the
Dead.
- That the High Kohein shall marry a virgin (Lev. 21:13)
(affirmative). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children;
Kohein.
- That the High Kohein shall not marry a widow (Lev.
21:14) (negative). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children;
Kohein.
- That the High Kohein shall not cohabit with a widow,
even without marriage, because he profanes her (Lev. 21:15)
(negative). See
Prohibited Marriages and Illegitimate Children;
Kohein.
- That a person with a physical blemish shall not serve
(in the Sanctuary) (Lev. 21:17) (negative).
- That a kohein with a temporary blemish shall not serve
there (Lev. 21:21) (negative). See
Kohein.
- That a person with a physical blemish shall not enter
the Sanctuary further than the altar (Lev. 21:23)
(negative).
- That a kohein who is unclean shall not serve (in the
Sanctuary) (Lev. 22:2-3) (negative). See
Kohein.
- To send the unclean out of the Camp of the Shechinah,
that is, out of the Sanctuary (Num. 5:2) (affirmative).
- That a kohein who is unclean shall not enter the
courtyard (Num. 5:2-3) This refers to the Camp of the
Shechinah (negative). See
Kohein.
- That the kohanim shall bless Israel (Num. 6:23) (CCA58).
See Kohein.
- To set apart a portion of the dough for the kohein (Num.
15:20) (CCA57). See
Kohein.
- That the Levites shall not occupy themselves with the
service that belongs to the kohanim, nor the kohanim with
that belonging to the Levites (Num. 18:3) (negative). See
Kohein,
Levi.
- That one not a descendant of Aaron in the male line
shall not serve (in the Sanctuary) (Num. 18:4-7) (negative).
- That the Levite shall serve in the Sanctuary (Num.
18:23) (affirmative). See
Levi.
- To give the Levites cities to dwell in, these to serve
also as cities of refuge (Num. 35:2) (affirmative). See
Levi.
- That none of the tribe of Levi shall take any portion of
territory in the land (of Israel) (Deut. 18:1) (negative).
See Levi.
- That none of the tribe of Levi shall take any share of
the spoil (at the conquest of the Promised Land) (Deut.
18:1) (negative). See
Levi.
- That the kohanim shall serve in the Sanctuary in
divisions, but on festivals, they all serve together (Deut.
18:6-8) (affirmative). See
Kohein.
T'rumah, Tithes and Taxes
- That an uncircumcised person shall not eat of the
t'rumah (heave offering), and the same applies to other holy
things. This rule is inferred from the law of the Paschal
offering, by similarity of phrase (Ex. 12:44-45 and Lev.
22:10) but it is not explicitly set forth in the
Torah. Traditionally, it has been learnt that the rule
that the uncircumcised must not eat holy things is an
essential principle of the Torah and not an enactment of the
Scribes (negative). See
Brit Milah:
Circumcision
- Not to alter the order of separating the t'rumah and the
tithes; the separation be in the order first-fruits at the
beginning, then the t'rumah, then the first tithe, and last
the second tithe (Ex. 22:28) (negative) (CCI19).
- To give half a shekel every year (to the Sanctuary for
provision of the public sacrifices) (Ex. 30:13)
(affirmative).
- That a kohein who is unclean shall not eat of the
t'rumah (Lev. 22:3-4) (negative). See
Kohein.
- That a person who is not a kohein or the wife or
unmarried daughter of a kohein shall not eat of the t'rumah
(Lev. 22:10) (negative). See
Kohein.
- That a sojourner with a kohein or his hired servant
shall not eat of the t'rumah (Lev. 22:10) (negative). See
Kohein.
- Not to eat tevel (something from which the t'rumah and
tithe have not yet been separated) (Lev. 22:15) (negative)
(CCI18).
- To set apart the tithe of the produce (one tenth of the
produce after taking out t'rumah) for the Levites (Lev.
27:30; Num. 18:24) (affirmative) (CCI12). See
Levi.
- To tithe cattle (Lev. 27:32) (affirmative).
- Not to sell the tithe of the herd (Lev. 27:32-33)
(negative).
- That the Levites shall set apart a tenth of the tithes,
which they had received from the Israelites, and give it to
the kohanim (called the t'rumah of the tithe) (Num. 18:26)
(affirmative) (CCI13). See
Kohein,
Levi.
- Not to eat the second tithe of cereals outside Jerusalem
(Deut. 12:17) (negative).
- Not to consume the second tithe of the vintage outside
of Jerusalem (Deut. 12:17) (negative).
- Not to consume the second tithe of the oil outside of
Jerusalem (Deut. 12:17) (negative).
- Not to forsake the Levites (Deut. 12:19); but their
gifts (dues) should be given to them, so that they might
rejoice therewith on each and every festival (negative). See
Levi.
- To set apart the second tithe in the first, second,
fourth and fifth years of the sabbatical cycle to be eaten
by its owner in Jerusalem (Deut. 14:22) (affirmative)
(CCI14) (today, it is set aside but not eaten in Jerusalem).
- To set apart the second tithe in the third and sixth
year of the sabbatical cycle for the poor (Deut. 14:28-29)
(affirmative) (CCI15) (today, it must be separated out but
need not be given to the poor).
- To give the kohein the due portions of the carcass of
cattle (Deut. 18:3) (according to the
Talmud, this is not mandatory in the present outside of
Israel, but it is permissible, and some observant people do
so) (CCA51). See
Kohein.
- To give the first of the fleece to the kohein (Deut.
18:4) (according to the
Talmud, this is not mandatory in the present outside of
Israel, but it is permissible, and some observant people do
so) (CCA52). See
Kohein.
- To set apart t'rumah g'dolah (the great heave-offering,
that is, a small portion of the grain, wine and oil) for the
kohein (Deut. 18:4) (affirmative) (CCI11). See
Kohein.
- Not to expend the proceeds of the second tithe on
anything but food and drink (Deut. 26:14). Anything outside
of things necessary for sustenance comes within the class in
the phrase "Given for the dead" (negative).
- Not to eat the Second Tithe, even in Jerusalem, in a
state of uncleanness, until the tithe had been redeemed
(Deut. 26:14) (negative).
- Not to eat the Second Tithe, when mourning (Deut. 26:14)
(negative).
- To make the declaration, when bringing the second tithe
to the Sanctuary (Deut. 26:13) (affirmative) (CCI17).
The Temple, the Sanctuary and Sacred Objects
- Not to build an altar of hewn stone (Ex. 20:22)
(negative).
- Not to mount the altar by steps (Ex. 20:23) (negative).
- To build the Sanctuary (Ex. 25:8) (affirmative).
- Not to remove the staves from the Ark (Ex. 25:15)
(negative).
- To set the showbread and the frankincense before the
L-rd every Shabbat (Ex. 25:30) (affirmative).
- To kindle lights in the Sanctuary (Ex. 27:21)
(affirmative).
- That the breastplate shall not be loosened from the
ephod (Ex. 28:28) (negative).
- To offer up incense twice daily (Ex. 30:7)
(affirmative).
- Not to offer strange incense nor any sacrifice upon the
golden altar (Ex. 30:9) (negative).
- That the kohein shall wash his hands and feet at the
time of service (Ex. 30:19) (affirmative). See
Kohein.
- To prepare the oil of anointment and anoint high kohanim
and kings with it (Ex. 30:31) (affirmative). See
Kohein.
- Not to compound oil for lay use after the formula of the
anointing oil (Ex. 30:32-33) (CCN145).
- Not to anoint a stranger with the anointing oil (Ex.
30:32) (negative).
- Not to compound anything after the formula of the
incense (Ex. 30:37) (CCN146).
- That he who, in error, makes unlawful use of sacred
things, shall make restitution of the value of his trespass
and add a fifth (Lev. 5:16) (affirmative).
- To remove the ashes from the altar (Lev. 6:3)
(affirmative).
- To keep fire always burning on the altar of the
burnt-offering (Lev. 6:6) (affirmative).
- Not to extinguish the fire on the altar (Lev. 6:6)
(negative).
- That a kohein shall not enter the Sanctuary with
disheveled hair (Lev. 10:6) (negative). See
Kohein.
- That a kohein shall not enter the Sanctuary with torn
garments (Lev. 10:6) (negative). See
Kohein.
- That the kohein shall not leave the Courtyard of the
Sanctuary, during service (Lev. 10:7) (negative). See
Kohein.
- That an intoxicated person shall not enter the Sanctuary
nor give decisions in matters of the Law (Lev. 10:9-11)
(negative).
- To revere the Sanctuary (Lev. 19:30) (today, this
applies to synagogues) (CCA18). See
Synagogues, Shuls
and Temples.
- That when the Ark is carried, it should be carried on
the shoulder (Num. 7:9) (affirmative).
- To observe the second Passover (Num. 9:11)
(affirmative).
- To eat the flesh of the Paschal lamb on it, with
unleavened bread and bitter herbs (Num. 9:11) (affirmative).
- Not to leave any flesh of the Paschal lamb brought on
the second Passover until the morning (Num. 9:12)
(negative).
- Not to break a bone of the Paschal lamb brought on the
second Passover (Num. 9:12) (negative).
- To sound the trumpets at the offering of sacrifices and
in times of trouble (Num. 10:9-10) (affirmative).
- To watch over the edifice continually (Num. 18:2)
(affirmative).
- Not to allow the Sanctuary to remain unwatched (Num.
18:5) (negative).
- That an offering shall be brought by one who has in
error committed a trespass against sacred things, or robbed,
or lain carnally with a bond-maid betrothed to a man, or
denied what was deposited with him and swore falsely to
support his denial. This is called a guilt-offering for a
known trespass (affirmative). See
Asham:
Guilt Offering.
- Not to destroy anything of the
Sanctuary, of
synagogues, or of houses of study, nor erase the holy
names (of G-d); nor may sacred scriptures be destroyed
(Deut. 12:2-4) (CCN157). See
The Name of G-d.
Sacrifices and Offerings
- To sanctify the firstling of clean cattle and offer it
up (Ex. 13:2; Deut. 15:19) (at the present time, it is not
offered up) (CCA53).
- To slay the Paschal lamb (Ex. 12:6) (affirmative).
- To eat the flesh of the Paschal sacrifice on the night
of the fifteenth of Nissan (Ex. 12:8) (affirmative).
- Not to eat the flesh of the Paschal lamb raw or sodden
(Ex. 12:9) (negative).
- Not to leave any portion of the flesh of the Paschal
sacrifice until the morning unconsumed (Ex. 12:10)
(negative).
- Not to give the flesh of the Paschal lamb to an
Israelite who had become an apostate (Ex. 12:43) (negative).
- Not to give flesh of the Paschal lamb to a stranger who
lives among you to eat (Ex. 12:45) (negative).
- Not to take any of the flesh of the Paschal lamb from
the company's place of assembly (Ex. 12:46) (negative).
- Not to break a bone of the Paschal lamb (Ex. 12:46)
(negative).
- That the uncircumcised shall not eat of the flesh of the
Paschal lamb (Ex. 12:48) (negative). See
Brit Milah:
Circumcision
- Not to slaughter the Paschal lamb while there is chametz
in the home (Ex. 23:18; Ex. 24:25) (negative).
- Not to leave the part of the Paschal lamb that should be
burnt on the altar until the morning, when it will no longer
be fit to be burnt (Ex. 23:18; Ex. 24:25) (negative).
- Not to go up to the Sanctuary for the festival without
bringing an offering (Ex. 23:15) (negative).
- To bring the first fruits to the Sanctuary (Ex. 23:19)
(affirmative).
- That the flesh of a sin-offering and guilt-offering
shall be eaten (Ex. 29:33) (affirmative). See
Qorbanot:
Sacrifices and Offerings
- That one not of the seed of Aaron, shall not eat the
flesh of the holy sacrifices (Ex. 29:33) (negative).
- To observe the procedure of the burnt-offering (Lev.
1:3) (affirmative). See
Olah:
Burnt Offering.
- To observe the procedure of the meal-offering (Lev. 2:1)
(affirmative). See
Food and
Drink Offerings.
- Not to offer up leaven or honey (Lev. 2:11) (negative).
- That every sacrifice be salted (Lev. 2:13)
(affirmative).
- Not to offer up any offering unsalted (Lev. 2:13)
(negative).
- That the Court of Judgment shall offer up a sacrifice if
they have erred in a judicial pronouncement (Lev. 4:13)
(affirmative).
- That an individual shall bring a sin-offering if he has
sinned in error by committing a transgression, the conscious
violation of which is punished with excision (Lev. 4:27-28)
(affirmative). See
Chatat:
Sin Offering.
- To offer a sacrifice of varying value in accordance with
one's means (Lev. 5:7) (affirmative).
- Not to sever completely the head of a fowl brought as a
sin-offering (Lev. 5:8) (negative).
- Not to put olive oil in a sin-offering made of flour
(Lev. 5:11) (negative).
- Not to put frankincense on a sin-offering made of flour
(Lev. 5:11) (negative).
- That an individual shall bring an offering if he is in
doubt as to whether he has committed a sin for which one has
to bring a sin-offering. This is called a guilt-offering for
doubtful sins (Lev. 5:17-19) (affirmative). See
Asham:
Guilt Offering.
- That the remainder of the meal offerings shall be eaten
(Lev. 6:9) (affirmative).
- Not to allow the remainder of the meal offerings to
become leavened (Lev. 6:10) (negative).
- That the High Kohein shall offer a meal offering daily
(Lev. 6:13) (affirmative).
- Not to eat of the meal offering brought by the kohanim
(Lev. 6:16) (negative).
- To observe the procedure of the sin-offering (Lev. 6:18)
(affirmative). See
Chatat:
Sin Offering.
- Not to eat of the flesh of sin offerings, the blood of
which is brought within the Sanctuary and sprinkled towards
the Veil (Lev. 6:23) (negative).
- To observe the procedure of the guilt-offering (Lev.
7:1) (affirmative).See
Asham:
Guilt Offering.
- To observe the procedure of the peace-offering (Lev.
7:11) (affirmative). See
Zebach
Sh'lamim: Peace Offering.
- To burn meat of the holy sacrifice that has remained
over (Lev. 7:17) (affirmative).
- Not to eat of sacrifices that are eaten beyond the
appointed time for eating them (Lev. 7:18) The penalty is
excision (negative).
- Not to eat of holy things that have become unclean (Lev.
7:19) (negative).
- To burn meat of the holy sacrifice that has become
unclean (Lev. 7:19) (affirmative).
- That a person who is unclean shall not eat of things
that are holy (Lev. 7:20) (negative).
- A kohein's daughter who profaned herself shall not eat
of the holy things, neither of the heave offering nor of the
breast, nor of the shoulder of peace offerings (Lev. 10:14,
Lev. 22:12) (negative). See
Kohein.
- That a woman after childbirth shall bring an offering
when she is clean (Lev. 12:6) (affirmative). See
Birth.
- That the leper shall bring a sacrifice after he is
cleansed (Lev. 14:10) (affirmative).
- That a man having an issue shall bring a sacrifice after
he is cleansed of his issue (Lev. 15:13-15) (affirmative).
- That a woman having an issue shall bring a sacrifice
after she is cleansed of her issue (Lev. 15:28-30)
(affirmative).
- To observe, on Yom Kippur, the service appointed for
that day, regarding the sacrifice, confessions, sending away
of the scapegoat, etc. (Lev. 16:3-34) (affirmative).
- Not to slaughter beasts set apart for sacrifices outside
(the Sanctuary) (Lev. 17:3-4) (negative).
- Not to eat flesh of a sacrifice that has been left over
(beyond the time appointed for its consumption) (Lev. 19:8 )
(negative).
- Not to sanctify blemished cattle for sacrifice on the
altar (Lev. 22:20) This text prohibits such beasts being set
apart for sacrifice on the altar (negative).
- That every animal offered up shall be without blemish
(Lev. 22:21) (affirmative).
- Not to inflict a blemish on cattle set apart for
sacrifice (Lev. 22:21) (negative).
- Not to slaughter blemished cattle as sacrifices (Lev.
22:22) (negative).
- Not to burn the limbs of blemished cattle upon the altar
(Lev. 22:22) (negative).
- Not to sprinkle the blood of blemished cattle upon the
altar (Lev. 22:24) (negative).
- Not to offer up a blemished beast that comes from
non-Israelites (Lev. 22:25) (negative).
- That sacrifices of cattle can only take place when they
are at least eight days old (Lev. 22:27) (affirmative).
- Not to leave any flesh of the thanksgiving offering
until the morning (Lev. 22:30) (negative).
- To offer up the meal-offering of the Omer on the morrow
after the first day of Passover, together with one lamb
(Lev. 23:10) (affirmative). See
The Counting of
the Omer.
- Not to eat bread made of new grain before the Omer of
barley has been offered up on the second day of Passover
(Lev. 23:14) (CCN101). See
The Counting of
the Omer.
- Not to eat roasted grain of the new produce before that
time (Lev. 23:14) (CCN102). See
The Counting of
the Omer.
- Not to eat fresh ears of the new grain before that time
(Lev. 23:14) (CCN103). See
The Counting of
the Omer.
- To bring on Shavu'ot loaves of bread together with the
sacrifices which are then offered up in connection with the
loaves (Lev. 23:17-20) (affirmative).
- To offer up an additional sacrifice on Passover (Lev.
23:36) (affirmative).
- That one who vows to the L-rd the monetary value of a
person shall pay the amount appointed in the Scriptural
portion (Lev. 27:2-8) (affirmative).
- If a beast is exchanged for one that had been set apart
as an offering, both become sacred (Lev. 27:10)
(affirmative).
- Not to exchange a beast set aside for sacrifice (Lev.
27:10) (negative).
- That one who vows to the L-rd the monetary value of an
unclean beast shall pay its value (Lev. 27:11-13)
(affirmative).
- That one who vows the value of his house shall pay
according to the appraisal of the kohein (Lev. 27:11-13)
(affirmative). See
Kohein.
- That one who sanctifies to the L-rd a portion of his
field shall pay according to the estimation appointed in the
Scriptural portion (Lev. 27:16-24) (affirmative).
- Not to transfer a beast set apart for sacrifice from one
class of sacrifices to another (Lev. 27:26) (negative).
- To decide in regard to dedicated property as to which is
sacred to the Lord and which belongs to the kohein (Lev.
27:28) (affirmative). See
Kohein.
- Not to sell a field devoted to the Lord (Lev. 27:28)
(negative).
- Not to redeem a field devoted to the Lord (Lev. 27:28)
(negative).
- To make confession before the L-rd of any sin that one
has committed, when bringing a sacrifice and at other times
(Num. 5:6-7) (CCA33).
- Not to put olive oil in the meal-offering of a woman
suspected of adultery (Num. 5:15) (negative).
- Not to put frankincense on it (Num. 5:15) (negative).
- To offer up the regular sacrifices daily (two lambs as
burnt offerings) (Num. 28:3) (affirmative).
- To offer up an additional sacrifice every Shabbat (two
lambs) (Num. 28:9) (affirmative).
- To offer up an additional sacrifice every New Moon (Num.
28:11) (affirmative).
- To bring an additional offering on Shavu'ot (Num.
28:26-27) (affirmative).
- To offer up an additional sacrifice on Rosh Hashanah
(Num. 29:1-6) (affirmative).
- To offer up an additional sacrifice on Yom Kippur (Num.
29:7-8) (affirmative).
- To offer up an additional sacrifice on Sukkot (Num.
29:12-34) (affirmative).
- To offer up an additional offering on Shemini Atzeret,
which is a festival by itself (Num. 29:35-38) (affirmative).
- To bring all offerings, whether obligatory or freewill,
on the first festival after these were incurred (Deut.
12:5-6) (affirmative).
- Not to offer up sacrifices outside (the Sanctuary)
(Deut. 12:13) (negative).
- To offer all sacrifices in the Sanctuary (Deut. 12:14)
(affirmative).
- To redeem cattle set apart for sacrifices that
contracted disqualifying blemishes, after which they may be
eaten by anyone. (Deut. 12:15) (affirmative).
- Not to eat of the unblemished firstling outside
Jerusalem (Deut. 12:17) (negative).
- Not to eat the flesh of the burnt-offering (Deut.
12:17). This is a Prohibition applying to every trespasser,
not to enjoy any of the holy things. If he does so, he
commits a trespass (negative).
- That the kohanim shall not eat the flesh of the
sin-offering or guilt-offering outside the Courtyard (of the
Sanctuary) (Deut. 12:17) (negative).
- Not to eat of the flesh of the sacrifices that are holy
in a minor degree, before the blood has been sprinkled (on
the altar), (Deut. 12:17) (negative).
- That the kohein shall not eat the first-fruits before
they are set down in the Courtyard (of the Sanctuary) (Deut.
12:17) (negative).
- To take trouble to bring sacrifices to the Sanctuary
from places outside the land of Israel (Deut. 12:26)
(affirmative).
- Not to eat the flesh of beasts set apart as sacrifices,
that have been rendered unfit to be offered up by
deliberately inflicted blemish (Deut. 14:3) (negative).
- Not to do work with cattle set apart for sacrifice
(Deut. 15:19) (negative).
- Not to shear beasts set apart for sacrifice (Deut.
15:19) (negative).
- Not to leave any portion of the festival offering
brought on the fourteenth of Nissan unto the third day
(Deut. 16:4) (negative).
- Not to offer up a beast that has a temporary blemish
(Deut. 17:1) (negative).
- Not to bring sacrifices out of the hire of a harlot or
price of a dog (apparently a euphemism for sodomy) (Deut.
23:19) (negative).
- To read the portion prescribed on bringing the first
fruits (Deut. 26:5-10) (affirmative).
Ritual Purity and Impurity
- That eight species of creeping things defile by contact
(Lev. 11:29-30) (affirmative).
- That foods become defiled by contact with unclean things
(Lev. 11:34) (affirmative).
- That anyone who touches the carcass of a beast that died
of itself shall be unclean (Lev. 11:39) (affirmative).
- That a lying-in woman is unclean like a menstruating
woman (in terms of uncleanness) (Lev. 12:2-5) (affirmative).
- That a leper is unclean and defiles (Lev. 13:2-46)
(affirmative).
- That the leper shall be universally recognized as such
by the prescribed marks. So too, all other unclean persons
should declare themselves as such (Lev. 13:45)
(affirmative).
- That a leprous garment is unclean and defiles (Lev.
13:47-49) (affirmative).
- That a leprous house defiles (Lev. 14:34-46)
(affirmative).
- That a man, having a running issue, defiles (Lev.
15:1-15) (affirmative).
- That the seed of copulation defiles (Lev. 15:16)
(affirmative).
- That purification from all kinds of defilement shall be
effected by immersion in the waters of a mikvah (Lev. 15:16)
(affirmative).
- That a menstruating woman is unclean and defiles others
(Lev. 15:19-24) (affirmative).
- That a woman, having a running issue, defiles (Lev.
15:25-27) (affirmative).
- To carry out the ordinance of the Red Heifer so that its
ashes will always be available (Num. 19:9) (affirmative).
See Parah
Adumah: Red Heifer.
- That a corpse defiles (Num. 19:11-16) (affirmative). See
Care for the
Dead.
- That the waters of separation defile one who is clean,
and cleanse the unclean from pollution by a dead body (Num.
19:19-22) (affirmative).
Lepers and Leprosy
- Not to drove off the hair of the scall (Lev. 13:33)
(negative).
- That the procedure of cleansing leprosy, whether of a
man or of a house, takes place with cedar-wood, hyssop,
scarlet thread, two birds, and running water (Lev. 14:1-7)
(affirmative).
- That the leper shall shave all his hair (Lev. 14:9)
(affirmative).
- Not to pluck out the marks of leprosy (Deut. 24:8)
(negative).
The King
- Not to curse a ruler, that is, the King or the head of
the College in the land of Israel (Ex. 22:27) (negative).
- To appoint a king (Deut. 17:15) (affirmative).
- Not to appoint as ruler over Israel, one who comes from
non-Israelites (Deut. 17:15) (negative).
- That the King shall not acquire an excessive number of
horses (Deut. 17:16) (negative).
- That the King shall not take an excessive number of
wives (Deut. 17:17) (negative).
- That he shall not accumulate an excessive quantity of
gold and silver (Deut. 17:17) (negative).
- That the King shall write a scroll of the Torah for
himself, in addition to the one that every person should
write, so that he writes two scrolls (Deut. 17:18)
(affirmative). See
Torah.
Nazarites
- That a Nazarite shall not drink wine, or anything mixed
with wine which tastes like wine; and even if the wine or
the mixture has turned sour, it is prohibited to him (Num.
6:3) (negative).
- That he shall not eat fresh grapes (Num. 6:3)
(negative).
- That he shall not eat dried grapes (raisins) (Num. 6:3)
(negative).
- That he shall not eat the kernels of the grapes (Num.
6:4) (negative).
- That he shall not eat of the skins of the grapes (Num.
6:4) (negative).
- That the Nazarite shall permit his hair to grow (Num.
6:5) (affirmative).
- That the Nazarite shall not cut his hair (Num. 6:5)
(negative).
- That he shall not enter any covered structure where
there is a dead body (Num. 6:6) (negative).
- That a Nazarite shall not defile himself for any dead
person (by being in the presence of the corpse) (Num. 6:7)
(negative).
- That the Nazarite shall shave his hair when he brings
his offerings at the completion of the period of his
Nazariteship, or within that period if he has become defiled
(Num. 6:9) (affirmative).
Wars
- That those engaged in warfare shall not fear their
enemies nor be panic-stricken by them during battle (Deut.
3:22, 7:21, 20:3) (negative).
- To anoint a special kohein (to speak to the soldiers) in
a war (Deut. 20:2) (affirmative). See
Kohein.
- In a permissive war (as distinguished from obligatory
ones), to observe the procedure prescribed in the
Torah (Deut. 20:10) (affirmative).
- Not to keep alive any individual of the seven Canaanite
nations (Deut. 20:16) (negative).
- To exterminate the seven Canaanite nations from the land
of Israel (Deut. 20:17) (affirmative).
- Not to destroy fruit trees (wantonly or in warfare)
(Deut. 20:19-20) (CCN191).
- To deal with a beautiful woman taken captive in war in
the manner prescribed in the Torah (Deut. 21:10-14)
(affirmative).
- Not to sell a beautiful woman, (taken captive in war)
(Deut. 21:14) (negative).
- Not to degrade a beautiful woman (taken captive in war)
to the condition of a bondwoman (Deut. 21:14) (negative).
- Not to offer peace to the Ammonites and the Moabites
before waging war on them, as should be done to other
nations (Deut. 23:7) (negative).
- That anyone who is unclean shall not enter the Camp of
the Levites (Deut. 23:11) (according to the
Talmud, in the present day this means the Temple mount)
(CCN193).
- To have a place outside the camp for sanitary purposes
(Deut. 23:13) (affirmative).
- To keep that place sanitary (Deut. 23:14-15)
(affirmative).
- Always to remember what Amalek did (Deut. 25:17)
(CCA76).
- That the evil done to us by Amalek shall not be
forgotten (Deut. 25:19) (CCN194).
- To destroy the seed of Amalek (Deut. 25:19) (CCA77).
© Copyright 5757-5771 (1996-2011), Tracey R
Rich
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